Soil Constraints in an Arid Environment—Challenges, Prospects, and Implications

Climate models project that many terrestrial ecosystems will become drier over the course of this century, leading to a drastic increase in global extent arid soils. In order decrease effects climate change on food security, it is crucial understand environment and constraints associated with Although aridity aboveground organisms have been studied extensively, our understanding how affects soil processes nutrient cycling lacking. One primary agricultural constraints, particularly locations, water scarcity, due which soils are characterized by sparse vegetation cover, low organic carbon, poor structure, reduced biodiversity, high rate erosion via wind. Increased limit availability essential plant nutrients crop growth, subsequently pose serious threats key ecological services. The increasing salinization another major environmental hazard further limits potential These can be ameliorated yields increased through case-specific optimization irrigation drainage management, enhancing native beneficial microbes, combinations amendments, conditioners, residue management. This review explores technologies ameliorate maintain output